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During the 18th century streets and small industries emerged. Moselle was returned to French governance in 1945 with the same frontiers as in 1919. France thus became a net beneficiary of the Treaty of Paris: all the new territories ceded to her being far larger and more strategic than the few territories ceded to Austria. In Bellignat is the polytechnic for plastics engineering. This capital is often the largest city of the department. The department is the second level of administrative divisions on the map of France. Inhabitants of the department are known as Mosellans. In addition to a multitude of SME's, several big enterprises of international reputation are situated in Ain, such as: Roset-Cinna, Grosfillex, Volvo, Carrier, Smoby-Berchet, CIAT, Renault Trucks, Tréfileurope. In economic terms tourism in the department of Ain means 300 million € of business volume and 10,000 direct jobs as well as another 10,000 indirect employments. The Menhir of Pierrefiche [fr] in Simandre-sur-Suran, Ain, dates from the mid-Neolithic era, in the fourth or third millennium BC and it is the sole menhir in Burgundy. In the beginning of the 6th century AD the diocese of Belley (Bellicum) was created as the first bishopric in the region. For the major European river, see, Current National Assembly Representatives, Union of Protestant Churches of Alsace and Lorraine, Church of Augsburg Confession of Alsace and Lorraine, Arrondissement of Sarrebourg-Château-Salins, formal separation between church and state, Arrondissements of the Moselle department, Site sur la Population et les Limites Administratives de la France, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moselle_(department)&oldid=973731396, Articles to be expanded from December 2008, Geography articles needing translation from French Wikipedia, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat identifiers, Grand Est region articles needing translation from French Wikipedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. miles). They are: modern foreign languages, being English-German and English-Spanish; economic and social administration; business administration; and 3 levels of study in law. The river Saône represents the western border of the department. In addition, France had to cede to Austria the area of Rehlingen (now in Saarland) as well as the strategic fort-town of Saarlouis and the territory around it, all territories and towns which France had controlled since the 17th century, and which formed part of the Moselle department since 1790. In the east the mountain chain of the southern Jura overlooks the plain of Bresse. Following a treaty concluded in 1559 at Savoy, the territory of Ain was restored to the Duke of Savoy who immediately started fortifying it. In addition to a well-developed transport network of former national roads, which were transferred to the department in 2007, the Department of Ain is crisscrossed by 220 km of highway. Ain now belonged to Burgundy. In the Oyonnax basin, three of four employments are directly or indirectly depending on the plastics industry. Several colleges and research institutions are in Bourg-en-Bresse, Ain, situated in aswell as one in Bellignat. While enterprises with more than 500 employees represent only 27% of all industrial employment, the businesses with less than 100 employees count for 47%. Department of France in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Arrondissements, cantons and communes of the department, Conseil départemental (Departemental Council), Representatives in the National Assembly and the Senate, Learn how and when to remove this template message, alphabetical numbering of French departments, "Ain : Jean Deguerry remplace Damien Abad à la présidence du Département", Site sur la Population et les Limites Administratives de la France, "Assemblée nationale ~ les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ain&oldid=979079578, States and territories established in 1790, Articles needing additional references from April 2019, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles needing cleanup after translation, Wikipedia articles needing cleanup after translation from unknown language, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with bad settlement type, Articles containing Arpitan-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2019, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Secretary-General, Sub-Prefect of the arrondissement Bourg-en-Bresse, This page was last edited on 18 September 2020, at 17:28. It was slightly smaller than at its creation in 1790, the incorporation of the Austrian enclaves not compensating for the loss of Saarlouis, Rehlingen, Tholey, and the communes around Sierck-les-Bains. This is because the industrial area of Briey and Longwy lost in 1871 is more populated than the rural areas of Château-Salins and Sarrebourg gained in 1919. In northeastern France, the Treaty did not restore the 1792 borders, however, but defined a new frontier to put an end to the convoluted nature of the border, with all its enclaves and exclaves. In Dombes, pisciculture assumes greater importance as does wine making in Bugey. The region was long considered a march between Alsace and the north, remaining relatively poor until the 19th century, and was consequently less urbanized and populous than other regions at the time. Its main tributaries are the Suran (50 km) and notably the river Ain (190 km) which is fed itself by 118 small rivers and creeks. About a quarter of all industry employees are working in this sector. The nuclear power plant in the Bugey produces about 4,2% of French electricity, employs more than 1,350 workers and secures moreover numerous employments in the enterprises of the supply chain. In 1790, during the French Revolution, the departments of Ain and Léman were created. During these years more than 10,000 Mosellans were deported to camps, many to the Sudetenland, for publicly opposing the annexation.[2]. Industries have created vast land holdings in the valleys by buying land from agriculturists and profiting from water rights. With the return of Alsace-Lorraine to France in 1919, many in central government assumed that the recovered territories would be subject to French law. During the winter 2006/2007 winter sports activity was strongly restrained by the lack of snow. Moselle has numerous chateaux, manors, and fortified manors, dating largely from the 17th and 18th centuries, many of which are partially destroyed. At the beginning of the 16th century the Duchy of Savoy was at the peak of its power and Ain was inherited by Margaret of Habsburg, the widow of Philibert II, Duke of Savoy. In the year 58 BC, Julius Caesar's military action against the Helvetians, advancing through Gaul on the territory of today's Ain, marked the beginning of the Gallic Wars. The department of Seine-Maritime has the number 76 and is divided into 3 districts, 69 townships and 745 municipalities. Moselle is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790. In the 12th century the Romanesque architecture prospered. Of those evacuated, around 200,000 returned after the war.[1]. Over the past twenty years the Conseil départemental de la Moselle has encouraged the development of tourism in the department. Last but not least, the railway network is of great importance, in particular the TGV-connections Paris-Geneva (with a stop in Bellegarde-sur-Valserine) and Paris-Lyon (passing by the Saône valley). Moselle is part of the current region of Grand Est and is surrounded by the French departments of Meurthe-et-Moselle and Bas-Rhin, as well as Germany (states of Saarland and Rhineland-Palatinate) and Luxembourg in the north. Thus, by the end of 1815, the Moselle department finally had the limits that it would keep until 1871. Every day between 300 and 1,000 external employees are working in the power plant. Thus, the Moselle department was reborn, but with quite different borders from those before 1871. The department of Ain also contains two waterways, the rivers Saône and Rhone, on which building materials, such as gravel, are shipped. Ain (/æ̃/,[2] French: [ɛ̃] (listen); Francoprovençal: En) is a department named after the Ain River on the eastern edge of France. Due to the diversity of the activities of these industries and their dispersion over the whole department, polarisation effects similar to those in the plastics sector have not yet been observed. In 843 the Treaty of Verdun assigned the territories that comprise the Ain to the kingdom of Lothar I (Lotharingia). The activities of Alimentec focus on three priorities: ventilation systems, plastics packing and applied hygiene. After Margaret's death Francis I of France, a nephew of the Dukes of Savoy, claimed the Duchy for himself and conquered it in 1536. The total farming surface of the department amounts to 268,361 ha, containing 150,917 ha arable farm land and 118,000 plant cultures (range land, viticulture, fruit meadows, tree nurseries). The Centre for University Studies, which has been relocated from the University Jean Moulin in Lyon to Bourg-en-Bresse, has 540 students who pursue their studies in 6 different branches. In 1992 the City of Bourg-en-Bresse, the department of Ain and the local Chamber of Industry and Commerce founded the technology platform "Alimentec". Each department has a capital city or prefecture department which includes its institutions. Metz also has a number of concert halls that offer diverse events such as comedy shows and symphony orchestras. Ain is a department of geographic contrasts. "Interwar politics in a French border region: the Moselle in the period of the Popular Front, 1934-1938." In the south-east the territory of the Dombes has more than a thousand ponds and lakes. Three of them are members of the right-wing The Republicans (formerly UMP) the remaining two are members of La République En Marche!.[4]. The nuclear industry represents another economic factor. Parts of Moselle belong to Parc naturel régional de Lorraine. In 1919, following the French victory in the First World War, Germany returned Alsace-Lorraine to France under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. Since 2003 the services branch employs more people than any other economic sector. 52% of this amount (274 million €) is allotted to animal products (cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry, carp, milk) and 44% (240 million €) concern crop (cereals, oil plants, wine, vegetables, flowers). In Bellignat, at the heart of the 'plastics valley', a polytechnic university was founded in 1992, under the direct control of the Ministry of youth, education and research. They represent about a quarter of all employees in the services sector. Linguistically, Platt can be further subdivided into three varieties, going from east to west: Rhenish Franconian, Moselle Franconian, and Luxembourgish. In spite of the June 22, 1940 armistice, Moselle was again annexed by Germany in July of that year by becoming part of the Gau Westmark. It had four arrondissements: Metz, Briey, Sarreguemines, and Thionville. France merged the remaining area of Briey with the truncated Meurthe department to create the new Meurthe-et-Moselle department (a new name chosen on purpose to remind people of the lost Moselle department) with its préfecture at Nancy. miles), larger than the old Moselle because the areas of Château-Salins and Sarrebourg were far larger than the area of Briey and Longwy. The southern part of the department, especially around Saulnois, has remained more rural. The department of Loire has the number 42 and is divided into 3 districts, 40 townships and 327 municipalities. The angling and cycling tourism (27 circuits with altogether more than 1,500 km) attracts numerous visitors each year. During the Franco-Savoyard War of 1600–1601 Henri IV of France reconquered the region, though the citadel of Bourg remained impregnable. They are divided into 343 districts ("arrondissements"), 4 058 townships ("cantons") and 36 699 towns ("communes"). Within the sector, services for enterprises represent 32,2% of the employees. As a result, France ceded the exclave of Tholey (now in Saarland, Germany) as well as a few communes near Sierck-les-Bains (both territories until then part of the Moselle département) to Austria. Rodemack, one of the most beautiful villages of France, This article is about the French department. With a total of 22,973 employees and 9,000 self-employed persons the commercial sector contributes significantly to the overall employment in the department (source: Chamber of Industry and Commerce of Ain, 2006). The department of Seine-Maritime is located in the region of region of Haute-Normandie. Despite its rural image the department of Ain is highly industrialised. While the Saône valley, the Côtière, Bourg-en-Bresse and the Gex region have a high density of population, only 16 inhabitants/km2 live in the mountainous canton Brénod. New monasteries were founded in the cities and churches were constructed or reshaped according to the Gothic style of architecture. The total number of farms in the department amounts to 5,170, including 2,750 full-time farms. Numerous castles were erected in a low rolling terrain that was not otherwise easily defended. With 700 ha this park will certainly become a centre for heavy industries in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. However, the majority of the vineyards could no longer be cultivated, and disappeared. Bourg-en-Bresse became a bishop's see. The small and medium enterprises contribute most to the industrial development of the department. More than 9,000 handcraft businesses in the department of Ain highlight the particular economic importance of this sector. For national and international flights the international airports of Lyon (Saint-Exupéry) and Geneva (Cointrin) are located within a rather short distance. The commercial sector comprises 5,861 enterprises including 717 wholesalers and distributors (12,2%), 539 automobile dealers and garages as well as 1,643 retailers and repair businesses (28%) (source: Chamber of Industry and Commerce of Ain, 2006). By the Treaty of Paris of 1814 following the first defeat and abdication of Napoleon, France had to surrender almost all the territory it had conquered since 1792. This last corresponds to a master's degree in law and offers a specialization in commercial and trade law. This increase is primarily due to a positive migration balance testifying the department's attractiveness. In the 19th century, Moselle had 17 operational organ factories, although only five exist in the present day. Below you will find the localization of Loire on the map of France, and the satellite map of Loire. The future development of the building sector benefits from the department's economic and demographic growth. The Curé of Ars became famous. However, it was decided not to recreate the old separate departments of Meurthe and Moselle by reverting to the old department borders of before 1871. The first big fiefdoms ("seigneuries") emerge between 895 and 900 in Bâgé-le-Châtel, which formed the nucleus of the pays of Bresse, and in Coligny. The emblematic poultry industry in the Bresse employs only 350 persons. It is fed by three smaller rivers: the Reyssouze (76 km), the Veyle (68 km) and the Chalaronne (52 km). The 349 enterprises which have settled here employ about 11,000 persons, more than a fourth of all employees of the tertiary sector (without public works). A significant minority of inhabitants of the department (fewer than 100,000) speak a German dialect known as platt lorrain or Lothringer Platt (see Lorraine Franconian and Linguistic boundary of Moselle). The current Moselle department, whose limits were set in 1919, had less population, with only 1,023,447 inhabitants. At Alimentec, altogether 700 students attend courses.

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