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After another Russian siege in 1828 the city was surrendered by the Ottomans on June 23, 1828 to the Russian general Count Ivan Paskevich, 11,000 men becoming prisoners of war. [9] The current kaymakam is Nur Sevinç Özbek. Another hypothesis has it that the name derives from the Georgian word კარი (kari), meaning "the gate" as was the case for other border region strongholds. Russia ceded Kars, Ardahan and Batum to the Ottoman Empire under the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk on 3 March 1918. Its population is 73,836 as of 2011[update]. Kars battles for access to Armenia and beyond, Pictures of the city and the nearby city of Ani, Kars Guide and Photo Album by Luc Wouters. [12], In 963, shortly after the Bagratuni seat was transferred to Ani, Kars became the capital of a separate independent kingdom, again called Vanand. Il Castello di Kars (Kars Kalesi), conosciuto anche come Cittadella di Kars, si trova sulla cima di una collina rocciosa che domina Kars. We know of 9 airports in the vicinity of Kars, of which 3 are larger airports. In the following years the Russians supported the fortification of Kars. Le fortificazioni vennero ricostruite dal sultano Murad III e resistettero fino all'assedio di Nadir Shah dell'impero persiano nel 1731. Kars has a Kurdish majority or plurality. La Russia bolscevica cedette Kars, Ardahan e Batum all'impero ottomano con il trattato di Brest-Litovsk il 3 marzo 1918. Ha ospitato un piccolo museo negli anni sessanta e settanta, poi lasciato in disuso per circa vent'anni, fino alla sua conversione in moschea nel 1998. [51] Construction on a new line, the Kars–Tbilisi–Baku railway, intended to connect Turkey with Georgia and Azerbaijan, began in 2010. Thus, it was only in 1206 that Zakare of the Zakarids-Mkhargrzeli succeeded in capturing Kars, joining it to their fiefdom of Ani. Questa pagina è stata modificata per l'ultima volta il 2 set 2020 alle 21:58. Popolazione: 8.672 (1878); 20.891 (1897); 54.000 (1970); 142.145 (1990); 130.361 (2000). The Kars emirate was a vassal of the Saltukids in Erzurum, whose forces were effective in opposing Georgian attempts at seizing Kars. However, temperatures can plummet to −35 °C (−31.0 °F) during the winter months. [37], According to Turkey's 2011 Statistical Yearbook, the area has been depopulating because of migration to bigger cities. By 1948 the Soviet Union dropped its claims to Kars and the other regions. After the Ak Koyunlu, as it went naturally for almost all their former territories, the city fell into the hands of the newly established Safavid dynasty of Iran, founded by king Ismail I. Kars became the capital of the Kars Oblast (province), comprising the districts of Kars, Ardahan, Kaghisman, and Oltu,which was the most southwesterly extension of the Russian Transcaucasus. [3] At some point in the ninth century (at least by 888) it became part of the territory of the Armenian Bagratunis. Le sue mura risalgono al periodo pre-bagratide (di cui rimane solo una muratura sul lato nord), ma probabilmente assunse la forma attuale durante il XIII secolo, quando Kars era governata dalla dinastia Zakarid. The dome has a conical roof. Il mese successivo, Kars passò totalmente sotto l'amministrazione armena e divenne la capitale della provincia del Vanand. Skirmishes between the Turkish revolutionaries and Armenian border troops in Olti took place during the summer of 1920. [25] The Ottomans refused to relinquish Kars; its military governor instead established a government, the Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus, led by Fahrettin Pirioglu, that claimed Turkish sovereignty over Kars and Turkish-speaking regions as far as Batumi and Alexandropol (Gyumri). Durante la guerra di Crimea una guarnigione turca guidata dal generale William Fenwick Williams e altri ufficiali stranieri fece opposizione all'esercito russo durante un lungo assedio, dopo il quale la guarnigione venne devastata dal colera e tutto il cibo andò a male, così si arrese al generale Murav'ëv nel novembre del 1855. Orhan Pamuk in the novel Snow, set in Kars, makes repeated references to "the Russian houses", built "in a Baltic style", whose like cannot be seen anywhere else in Turkey, and deplores the deteriorating condition of these houses. https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kars&oldid=115288201, Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità, licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo, Anna Zimmerman, nonna materna del cantante folk. Kars in Kars with it's 77,486 citizens is a city in Turkey about 541 mi (or 871 km) east of Ankara, the country's capital city. Il 7 giugno 1945, l'ex ministro sovietico Vjačeslav Molotov disse all'ambasciatore turco a Mosca che le regioni dovevano tornare all'Unione Sovietica, in nome sia della Georgia sia dell'Armenia. Kars, Kars Province: Su Tripadvisor trovi 6.036 recensioni su cose da fare, ristoranti e hotel a Kars. The ethnic make-up of Kars is also reflected in politics, with the Turks and Azerbaijanis often voting for the nationalist MHP and the Kurds often voting for the pro-Kurdish HDP. Kars Harakani 4.1 km: Kars Havaalanı 4.1 km: Diktepe 4.2 km: Azizbey Mağarası 10.1 km: Mezrea İstasyonu 10.1 km: Mezraa İstasyonu 10.1 km: Kır Sırtı 10.5 km: Mezraa İstasyonu 13.1 km: Yayla Dağı 13.2 km: Üçoğlan Tepesi 14.1 km: Üçler Tepesi 14.1 km: Deliktaş Tepesi 14.9 km: Deliktaş Tepe 14.9 km: Küçükyahni Tepesi 15.1 km: Akbaba Dağı 15.1 km: Çalkavur Dağı 15.9 km Available online, Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus, Government of the Grand National Assembly, List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey, "Population of province/district centers and towns/villages by districts - 2012", "Geography Stabo - Book XI - Chapter XIV", "Kars Seçim Sonuçları - 31 Mart 2019 Yerel Seçimleri", "The Fall of Kars – April 25, 1918 | Aniarc", "Border Turks Want Door to Armenia Kept Shut", "Armenia border opening out of question, says Davutoğlu", "Turkish, Armenian journalists want the border opened", "The provinces with highest out-migration according to their net migration rate", "Kars, Turkey Travel Weather Averages (Weatherbase)", "Turkey will not open Armenia border amid Karabakh occupation: Erdoğan - Turkey News", "Baku-Tbilisi-Kars (BTK) railway track becomes operational to carry Chinese goods to Europe", THE CATHEDRAL OF KARS: Holy Apostles Church (Surb Arak'elots), Pictures of the city and the nearby city of Ani, 700+ pictures of city, Kümbet Camii, Kale and Ani, The official city guide of the Kars municipality, Kars Guide and Photo Album by Luc Wouters. On the exterior, the drum of contains bas-relief depictions of twelve figures, usually interpreted as representing the Twelve Apostles. Due to its geographic location of the city in the province, it has a slightly milder climate compared to the surrounding region. Allo stesso tempo molti armeni, greci e russi emigrarono sia verso la Turchia che verso la Transcaucasia. In 2006, former Kars mayor Naif Alibeyoğlu said that opening the border would boost the local economy and reawaken the city. [18] In August 1745, a huge Ottoman army was routed at Kars by Nader Shah during the Ottoman-Persian War of 1743-1746. Costruita nel X secolo, è costituita da una cupola su una base quadrata con quattro absidi. "Kars battles for access to Armenia and beyond", Turkish Daily News, July 30th 2006. Свод статистических данных о населении Закавказского края, извлечённых из посемейных списков 1886 года, г. Тифлис, 1893. Both the summers and winters are colder in this area, with winter temperatures reaching −40 °C (−40 °F) more regularly. Il trattato stabilì anche le condizione per una relazione pacifica tra i due paesi, ma all'inizio del 1939 alcuni diplomatici britannici notarono che l'Unione Sovietica non era soddisfatta dei confini stabiliti. [50], Kars is served by a main highway from Erzurum, and lesser roads run north to Ardahan and south to Igdir. During a break between the Russian campaigns in the region conducted against the Ottomans, in 1821, commander-in-chief Abbas Mirza of Qajar Iran occupied Kars,[20] further igniting the Ottoman-Persian War of 1821-1823. Local time in Kars is now 12:08 AM (Wednesday). The Grand Mosque of Kars is the largest historic mosque in the city. [citation needed]. The Russians built porches in front of the church's three entrances, and an elaborate clocktower (now demolished) next to the church. Kars Tourism: Tripadvisor has 6,038 reviews of Kars Hotels, Attractions, and Restaurants making it your best Kars resource. Inaugurata nel 2017. The walls bear crosses in several places, including a Khachkar with a building inscription in Armenian on the easternmost tower, so the much repeated statement that Kars castle was built by Ottoman Sultan Murad III during the war with Persia, at the close of the sixteenth century, is inaccurate. Then the building was left to itself for about two decades, until it was converted into a mosque in 1993. [34] Under pressure from Azerbaijan, and the local population, including the 20% ethnic Azerbaijani minority, the Turkish foreign minister Ahmet Davutoğlu reiterated in 2010 and 2011 that opening the border with Armenia was out of question. Atlas of Conflicts: The Treaty of Kars and Its Geopolitical Implications on Armenia by Dr. Andrew Andersen, Ph.D. VirtualANI - A history and description of the city of Kars. Summers are generally brief and warm with cool nights. Kars (in lingua armena: Ղարս o Կարս, in lingua curda: Qers, lingua azera: Qars) è una città della Turchia nord-orientale, capitale della provincia di Kars. Sotto al castello c'è una chiesa armena conosciuta come la Cattedrale di San Arak'elos, la chiesa dei dodici apostoli. The Castle of Kars (Turkish: Kars Kalesi), also known as the Citadel, sits at the top a rocky hill overlooking Kars. Close to the bridge are three old bath-houses, none of them operating any longer. Non si sa molto della storia iniziale di Kars, a parte il fatto che fosse sede di una dinastia di sovrani armeni del Vanand. [52] The line connects Kars to Akhalkalaki in Georgia, from where trains will continue to Tbilisi, and Baku in Azerbaijan.[53]. Its walls date back to the Bagratuni Armenian period (there is surviving masonry on the north side of the castle) but it probably took on its present form during the thirteenth century when Kars was ruled by the Zak'arid dynasty. The "Taşköprü" (Stone Bridge) is a bridge over the Kars river, built in 1725. The fortress was stormed by the Russians in the Battle of Kars during the Russo-Turkish War, 1877-78[18] under generals Loris-Melikov and Ivan Lazarev. The treaty included de jure provisions guaranteeing the Armenian residents right to relinquish Turkish nationality, leave the territory freely and take with them either their goods or the proceeds of their sale, but by some accounts formerly Armenian lands had de facto become state property as a consequence of the treaty. The church was used as a warehouse from the 1930s, and it housed a small museum from 1963 until the late 1970s. The church was converted to a mosque in 1579, and then converted into a Russian Orthodox church in the 1880s. Scaramucce tra i rivoluzionari turchi e truppe di stanza ad Oltu, sul confine armeno, causarono l'invasione della repubblica armena da parte dell'esercito turco comandato dal generale Kazim Karabekir che diede inizio alla guerra turco-armena. During the eighteenth century at the Battle of Kars (1745) a crushing defeat was inflicted upon the Ottoman army by the Persian conqueror, Nader Shah, not far from the city of Kars. Most of the population in Kars is Sunni Muslim, mainly the Kurds and Turks, and the minority is Shiite Muslim, mainly among the Azerbaijanis. Fu durante questo periodo che la cattedrale, poi chiamata Chiesa degli Apostoli, venne costruita.[1]. Kars (Armenian: Կարս, less commonly known as Ղարս Ghars, Kurdish: Qers ‎) is a city in northeast Turkey and the capital of Kars Province.Its population is 73,836 as of 2011.. Kars was in the ancient region known as Chorzene, (in Greek Χορζηνή) in classical historiography (), part of Roman Armenia. Tale guerra portò alla conquista di Kars da parte delle forze turche il 30 ottobre 1920. [3], The Seljuks quickly relinquished direct control over Kars and it became a small emirate whose territory corresponded closely to that of Vanand, and which bordered the similarly created but larger Shaddadid emirate centered at Ani. Medieval Armenian historians referred to the city by a variety of names, including "Karuts' K'aghak'" (Kars city), "Karuts' Berd", "Amrots'n Karuts'" (both meaning Kars Fortress) and "Amurn Karuts'" (Impenetrable Kars).

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